The History
of the Peoples of the Eastern Desert
from Prehistory to the Present
from Prehistory to the Present
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| General chronology of the
lower and middle Nile region |
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| Southeast Egypt | Northeast Sudan | ||
| Lower
Palaeolithic 500,000 – 200,000 BCE |
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Middle Palaeolithic
200,000 – 45,000
BCE
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Upper Palaeolithic
45,000 – 22,000
BCE
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Late
Palaeolithic
22,000
– 9,000 BCE
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| Epipalaeolitic
(Mesolithic) 9000 – 6000 BCE |
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| Early
Neolithic 6000 – 5000 BCE |
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| Prehistoric Egypt |
Fayum – Badarian 5000–4200 BCE |
Khartoum Neolithic 5000–3000 BCE |
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| Merimde – Naqada 4200–3100 BCE |
"A-Group" 3800–3000 BCE |
Khartoum Neolithic |
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| Predynastic Egypt 3100–2575 BCE |
Lower Nubia depopulated? |
Pre-Kerma
Culture 3000–500 BCE |
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Pharaonic Egypt |
Old Kingdom 2725–2125 BCE |
C-Horizon (C-Group) 2300–1520 BCE |
Kingdom
of
Kerma (Kushite Kingdom) 2500–1520 BCE |
| First
Intermediate
Period 2125–1975 BCE |
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| Middle
Kingdom 1975–1640 BCE |
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| Second
Intermediate
Period (Hyksos) 1630–1520 BCE |
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| New
Kingdom 1540–1075 BCE |
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| Third Intermediate
Period 1075–715 BCE |
Kingdom of Napata (Kushite Kingdom) 1075–300 BCE |
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| 25th
Dynasty 7703–657 BCE |
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| Late Period (Persian invasions) 664–332 BCE |
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| Graeco-Roman Egypt |
Ptolemaic Empire 332 BCE–30 CE |
Kingdom
of
Meroe (Kushite Kingdom) 300 BCE–350 CE |
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| Roman
Empire 30–330 CE |
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| Byzantine Egypt |
Byzantine Empire 330–616 CE |
Kingdom
of
Nobatia (Ballana Culture) 300–700 CE |
Kingdom of Makuria (protected by the baqt) 500–1323 CE |
| Persian
Invasion 616–628 CE |
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| Byzantine Empire 629–641 CE |
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| Islamic Egypt |
Rashidun caliphs 641–658 CE |
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| Umayyad
Caliphate 658–750 CE |
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| Abbasid Caliphate 750–969 CE |
Kingdom of Makuria |
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| Fatimid
caliphs 969–1171 CE |
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| Ayyubid
Sultanate 1171–1250 CE |
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| Mamluk sultans 1250–1517 CE |
Banu
Kanz
(Awlad Kenz) 1323–1517 CE |
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| Ottoman Egypt |
Ottoman
Empire 1517–1798 CE |
Sultanate
of
Sinnar (Funj) 1504–1821 CE |
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| Invasion of Napoleon 1798–1801 CE |
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| Modern Egypt |
Khedives and kings of
the Dynasty of Mohamed Ali Mohamed Ali (1805–1848) – Fu'ad II (1952–1953) |
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| Increasingly
controlled by the British Empire |
Mahdi Revolt
1883–1898
CE
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| Unilateral
independence 22 February 1922 |
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1899–1956 CE |
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| Republic of Egypt 18 June 1953 |
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| Full
independence 18 June 1956 |
Republic of Sudan 1 January 1956 |
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| Popular revolution 25 Jan.–11 Feb. 2011 |
Republic of Sudan |
Republic of South Sudan 9 June 2011 |
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and J. Baines and J. Malek (2000), Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt, Abingdon (Andromeda Oxford Ltd.);
see also:
H. Barnard (2007), "Additional Remarks on Blemmyes, Beja and Eastern Desert Ware,"
Ägypten und Levante 17: 23-31.
1, Sharia Dr. Mahmoud Azmi
11211 Zamalek, Cairo
Arab Republic of Egypt
PO-Box 951510
Los Angeles, CA 90095
United States of America
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